Gene delivery is the main problem facing in Gene therapy techniques. So Viral & Non viral vectors are promising in this regard. Viral vectors are more efficient than the Non viral ones. But one obstacle for using viruses as vector is their Immune sensitive & carcinogenesis. Future techniques are improving in such a way that, viral vectors will take care of gene delivery eminently. In this post some of the viral vectors are discussed; Adenovirus, Adeno associated virus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Retroviruses.
Adenoviral vector:

INTRODUCTION: Adenovirus belongs to the Class I of DNA viruses, which causes respiratory, intestinal (stomach flu), and eye infection in humans, sometimes also cause cancer. Adenoviruses are highly immunogenic as their infection is common in the population.
Recombinant human adenoviral vectors are the most commonly used viral gene transfer system for preclinical studies of cardiovascular gene therapy and also constitute more than half of the vectors used for clinical cardiovascular gene therapy trials in North America. As the biology and development of this vector system has recently been reviewed, only the features relevant to cardiovascular disease will be developed more fully. Cardiomyocytes from several species have been demonstrated to be relatively permissive for transduction by adenoviral vectors, both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo delivery to the heart can be achieved with variable efficiency and heterogeneity in the pattern of transduction, depending on the method used. Other major cellular targets within the heart include vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Endothelial cells have been efficiently transduced in vitro and in vivo using catheter based techniques. Smooth muscle cells are also readily transduced in vitro, and in vivo from within the lumen of injured arteries, using catheter based techniques. In the presence of intact endothelium, intravascular delivery of adenoviral vectors will preferentially transduce endothelial cells. The experimental use of adenoviral vectors in cardiovascular models has provided clues to some potential perils in the cardiac application of this vector system. In relation to myocardial transduction, wild-type adenovirus has been implicated in acute myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. The propensity of these vectors to induce inflammation has been documented to trigger myocarditis in a small animal model of systemically delivered adenoviral vector.
0 comments:
Post a Comment